Uphuhliso lwe-LED

Uphuhliso lwe-LED lusuka kwizinto ezifunyaniswe zelebhu ukuya kwinguqu yokukhanya kwehlabathi.Ngophuhliso olukhawulezayo lwe-LED, ngoku i-LED isetyenziswa ikakhulu ukuya:
-Izibane zasekhaya :Iibhalbhu ze-LED, izibane zesilingi, izibane zedesika
-Izibane zentengiso:izibane ezisezantsi, izibane, izibane zephaneli
-Izibane zamashishini :izibane zemigodi, izibane eziphezulu
-Ukukhanya kwangaphandle :izibane zesitalato, izibane zendalo, izibane zamachibi
-Izibane zemoto :Izibane ze-LED, izibane zemini, izibane zasemva
-Bonisa i-LED:isikrini intengiso, Mini LED TV
-Izibane ezikhethekileyo:Isibane sokunyanga i-UV, isibane sokukhula kwesityalo

Kule mihla, sinokuyibona i-LED kuyo yonke indawo ebomini bethu, esi sisiphumo somzamo ophantse ube yinkulungwane, singakwazi nje ukwazi uphuhliso lwe-LED njengezigaba ezi-4:
1. Uphononongo lwakwangoko (ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20-1960)
-Ukufunyanwa kwe-electroluminescence (1907)
Injineli yaseBritani uHenry Joseph Round waqala wajonga i-electroluminescence kwi-silicon carbide (SiC) iikristale, kodwa akazange ayifunde nzulu.
Ngomnyaka we-1927, usosayensi waseSoviet u-Oleg Losev wafunda ngakumbi kwaye wapapasha iphepha, elithathwa ngokuba "nguyise we-theory ye-LED", kodwa uphando lwaphazamiseka ngenxa yeMfazwe Yehlabathi II.

-I-LED yokuqala ebonakalayo yazalwa (1962)
U-Nick Holonyak Jr., uNjineli Jikelele woMbane (GE) wasungula ukukhanya okubonakalayo kwe-LED (ukukhanya okubomvu, izinto ze-GaAsP) .oku kubonisa i-LED ukusuka kwibhubhoratri ukuya kwintengiso, ekuqaleni esetyenziselwa izikhombisi zesixhobo.

2. Ukuphumelela kombala we-LED (1970s-1990s)
-Imibala eluhlaza kunye nephuzi yaziswa (1970s)
1972: M. George Craford (umfundi kaHolonyak) wenza i-LED ephuzi (i-10 amaxesha agqamile).
I-1980s: I-Aluminium, i-gallium kunye ne-arsenic (i-AlGaAs) izinto eziphuculweyo zaphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kwee-LED ezibomvu, ezazisetyenziselwa izibane zendlela kunye nezixhobo zombane.

-Blue LED revolution (1990s)
I-1993: Isazi saseJapan u-Shuji Nakamura (Shuji Nakamura) e-Nichia chemicals (Nichia) i-breakthrough gallium nitride (GaN) esekelwe kwi-LED eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, iphumelele i-2014 yeNobel Prize kwi-physics.Oku kubonisa iBlue LED + phosphor = i-LED emhlophe, ibeka isiseko sokukhanyisa kwe-LED yanamhlanje.

3. Ukuduma kwe-LED emhlophe kunye nokukhanyisa (2000s-2010s)
-Intengiso ye-LED emhlophe (2000s)
I-Nichia Chemical, iCree, i-Osram kunye nezinye iinkampani zaqalisa ukusebenza kakuhle okumhlophe okukhokelela ekutshintsheni ngokuthe ngcembe izibane ze-incandescent kunye ne-fluorescent.
Ngo-2006: Inkampani yase-American Cree yakhupha i-LED yokuqala eyi-100lm/W, igqwesa ukusebenza kwesibane se-fluorescent.
(Ngo-2006 i-Heguang Lighting iqala ukuvelisa ukukhanya kwe-LED ngaphantsi kwamanzi)

-I-LED kwisibane ngokubanzi (2010s)
I-2010s: Iindleko ze-LED ziye zehla kakhulu, kwaye amazwe emhlabeni jikelele aphumeze "ukuvalwa komhlophe" (njenge-EU ikhuphe izibane ze-incandescent kwi-2012).
I-2014: I-Nobel Prize kwi-Physics eyanikezelwa ku-Isamu Akasaki, u-Hiroshi Amano kunye no-Shuji Nakamura ngegalelo kwi-blue lead.

4. Itekhnoloji ye-LED yanamhlanje (2020s kude kube ngoku)
-I-LED encinci kunye ne-Micro LED
I-LED encinci: Isetyenziselwa i-TVS ephezulu (efana ne-Apple Pro Display XDR), izikrini ze-esports, i-backlight ephuculweyo ngakumbi.
I-Micro LED: ipixels ezikhanyayo, kulindeleke ukuba ithathe indawo ye-OLED (i-Samsung, i-SONY iqalise iimveliso zeprototype).

-Izibane ezikrelekrele kunye ne-Li-Fi
I-Smart LED: ubushushu bombala ohlengahlengiswayo, ulawulo lwenethiwekhi (njengePhilips Hue).
I-Li-Fi: Ukusetyenziswa kokukhanya kwe-LED ukuhambisa idatha, ngokukhawuleza kune-Wi-Fi (i-laboratory ifikelele kwi-224Gbps).

-UV LED kunye nezicelo ezizodwa
I-Uv-c LED: Isetyenziselwa ukwenza inzala (efana nesixhobo sokubulala iintsholongwane kwi-UV ngexesha lobhubhane).
Ukukhula kwezityalo I-LED: I-spectrum elungiselelweyo ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwezolimo.

Ukusuka "kwisalathiso sokukhanya" ukuya "kokukhanya okuqhelekileyo" : ukusebenza kakuhle konyuka ngamaxesha e-1,000 kwaye iindleko zincitshiswa nge-99%, ukuthandwa kwe-LED yehlabathi kunciphisa amakhulu ezigidi zeetoni zokukhutshwa kweCO₂ minyaka le, i-LED iyalitshintsha ihlabathi! kwixesha elizayo, i-LED inokuguqula umboniso, unxibelelwano, ezonyango kunye namanye amashishini amaninzi! Siza kulinda kwaye sibone!